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Anurag Panday:BAJMC IVth Semester
Environmental pollution is a serious problem that poses a great risk to the health of the global community. In this survey, we will focus on specific communities to collect data on air pollution and investigate pollution. Additionally, we will conduct an analysis of government policies and regulations regarding pollution in the area, including useful information that can be gained from interviews with local residents and environmental experts. By conducting this survey, we hope to raise awareness of the environmental issues facing our communities and help find effective solutions that promote clean, healthy living and clean environments.
Air pollution is a problem affecting communities around the world. The adverse effects of air pollution on human health and the environment require a more thorough study of its causes and consequences in specific communities. By collecting data on air pollution, we can assess the severity of the problem and identify areas of concern.
Air pollution impacts or problems faced by Delhi people
Delhi, the capital city of India, has been grappling with severe air pollution issues for many years. The impact of air pollution in Delhi is multifaceted and affects various aspects of the city and its residents. Here are some of the key impacts of air pollution on Delhi:
Health Effects: The biggest concern about air pollution in Delhi is its negative impact on public health. Large amounts of air pollution, especially fine particles (PM2.5), pose a serious threat to health. Prolonged exposure to air pollution can lead to respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It can also case heart disease, lung cancer, and other serious diseases.
Reduced Life Expectancy: The air pollution in Delhi has been linked to reduced or minus life expectancy. Studies have shown that exposure to high levels of pollutants, especially can significantly shorten lifespans. The long-term health impacts of air pollution, coupled with the city’s consistently poor air quality, have raised concerns about the well-being and longevity of Delhi’s residents.
Environmental Pollution: Air pollution not only affects human health but also has adverse effects on the environment. High levels of pollutants contribute to smog formation, reducing visibility and diminishing the aesthetic appeal of the city.
Educational Disturbance: Air pollution can disturb daily life in Delhi, including the education sector. During periods of severe pollution, schools often have to shut down to protect children from exposure to hazardous air. This disrupts educational routines and affects students’ learning outcomes.
Air Pollution Graph of Delhi NCR from 2018-2022
Graph of year 2018
Source: Press Information Bureau
Graph of year 2019
Source: Press Information Bureau
Graph of year 2020
Source: Press Information Bureau
Graph of year 2021
Source: Press Information Bureau
Graph of year 2022
Source: Press Information Bureau
So, if we see the last five years graph, we can say that November and December are the months contributing majorly for Air Pollution in Delhi-NCR. The reason could be after effects of the pollution created by fire crackers during Diwali season as we all know that November or December is the month for celebration. The reason could also be because of Stubble (parali) burning which is a method to remove residues of paddy crops from the field to sow next season crop which is wheat from the last week of September to November.
Delhi air pollution problem since 2018 to 2022 caused severe health related issues such as reduced life expectancy ratio, environmental pollution, economic losses, educational disrupt, and social inequities. Efforts to improve air quality were made, but the city continued to face significant challenges, requiring sustained actions for a cleaner and healthier environment.
In 2016, Arvind Kejriwal, Chief Minister of Delhi declared the ODD- EVEN Formula to reduce air pollution in NCR. The first phase of odd-even in 2016 led to a reduction of 12.5% in particulate matters. The study was conducted by analyst from the foreign university and the Indian university who worked together. The study noted that the reduction in particulate matter was highest in the mornings from 11 am till 3 pm, but no such minor improvement was noticed at night.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) also carried out a study of the two phases in 2016. It includes that a single factor could not work in substantial reductions in pollution.
The impact of the Odd-Even traffic scheme on air pollution in Delhi from 2016 to 2023 has been a subject of debate. While the scheme aimed to reduce vehicular emissions and improve air quality, the overall effectiveness of the policy in achieving maximum, significant and sustained improvements is still not so clear. Although we can see some significant change in Air Quality Index.
Air Quality Index from 2016-2022 after launch of ODD-EVEN Formula
Source: Central Pollution Control Board
The government of Delhi has implemented various policies and measures to control air pollution. Some of the key policies:
Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP): is a broad action plan with different parameter based on air pollution levels. It includes measures like the closure of polluting industries, restrictions on construction activities, in the implementation of the Odd-Even scheme.
Ban on Polluting Fuels: The government has banned the use of polluting fuels such as pet coke and furnace oil in industries and implemented stricter regulations on the use of diesel generators.
Announcement of Bharat Stage (BS) Emission Standards: The adoption of stricter emission norms such as BS-IV and BS-VI for vehicles aims to reduce vehicular emissions and improve air quality. In this Bharat Stage emission started Government initiate made all the vehicles BS-VI.
Promotion of Electric Vehicles: The government has introduced incentives and subsidies to promote the adoption of electric vehicles and reduce pollution from conventional vehicles.
Identifying sources of pollution, analyzing government policies and regulations, the report aims to focus on the environmental pollution related issues faced by the specific community. Raising awareness, and formulating effective pollution control strategies are major key to solution. We can step forwards towards a transition to Clean Energy.
- Strict Emission Control
- Promote Sustainable Transportation
- Strengthen Waste Management
- Reforestation
